IELTS Academic Writing Task 1: how to describe data
IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 asks you to describe a chart, graph, table, map or process in at least 150 words. The examiner rewards a clear overview of the main trends plus accurate, well-organised detail — not your opinion and not every single number.
A structure that works
- •Introduction: paraphrase what the visual shows (one sentence).
- •Overview: the two to four biggest features — the highest and lowest, the main trend, the largest change. This paragraph most affects your band.
- •Body paragraphs: group the data logically and report the key figures that support the overview.
What earns marks
An overview is essential; answers without one are capped. Every figure and comparison must be arithmetically correct.
Describe the data only — do not explain causes or give opinions in Task 1.
Frequently asked questions
How many words should IELTS Task 1 be?
At least 150 words. Under-length answers are penalised, so aim for roughly 160–190 words.
Do I need an overview in Task 1?
Yes. A clear overview of the main features is required for Band 7 and above, and its absence limits the Task Achievement score.
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